jlee562
I'll Lock Up
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Since we are picking nits, I think the welted edge thing needs to be delineated. The fact that the welted edge is prevalent on wool hats currently doesn't really speak to the quality of a vintage hat with a welted edge.
My assumption has always been that the prevalence of the welted edge on wool felt hats is that it gives the brim more stability, which is more crucial as wool tends to lose its shape.
But after spending some time looking at early brim patents, it's clear that welting was a labor intensive process.
1908 patent for the Sackett welt brim press
https://patents.google.com/patent/us934219
Another description of an earlier iteration of the welting process from 1908
https://patents.google.com/patent/us941746
While this is not dispositive evidence that the welted edge was or was not used primarily on lower quality hats, I think it stands to reason that any such generalizations about welts do not apply to pre-war hats, especially early iterations of the welted edge which seem to have grown from a need to add stability to the brim and create a novel finished edge. A costly and laborious process seems like something that would not have been used for low quality hats.
My assumption has always been that the prevalence of the welted edge on wool felt hats is that it gives the brim more stability, which is more crucial as wool tends to lose its shape.
But after spending some time looking at early brim patents, it's clear that welting was a labor intensive process.
1908 patent for the Sackett welt brim press
https://patents.google.com/patent/us934219
This invention relates to a mechanism for reinforcing the edge of a hatbrim by doubling the felt back upon itself to form a welt,-a style now coming into use, and already adopted in the hat for the United States Army. Heretofore the practice in general use for performing this operation has been to first form a reverse curl in the hatbrim edge by means of a curling machine, then to insert a matrix plate within the curl, then by hand labor with a heated iron to press the curl fiat upon the upper side of the matrix, and then with a hatters rounding ack to cut away the surplus brim, leaving an even width of reversed welt to be stitched down.
The object of my invention is to do away with the severe labor of hand ironing, and the expert use of a rounding jack, and to provide a quicker and better mechanical substitute, as well as to introduce other needed improvements in the art.
Another description of an earlier iteration of the welting process from 1908
https://patents.google.com/patent/us941746
The advantages of my invention will become more apparent when it is considered in connection with the manufacture of welt edge felt hats as produced before my invention, the old and common method being to place a partly shaped blank between two hot dies or blocks with the brim projecting beyond the edges, and to turn the edge of the brim over the outer edge of the upper block and hold it by engaging with pins, then to draw a cord around the pins and secure it to aid in holding the portion turned over smoothly in place, then after the felt had become dry and therefore set the cord was released, the material removed from engagement with the pins, the hat removed from the blocks, the edge was then roughly trimmed, and then the partly formed hat was again placed in the blocks and pressed. The hatwas then removed from the blocks, the edge carefully trimmed and stitched. It will be observed that at this time the foldedover edge had become set by the preceding folding and pressing so that the edge could be stitched. It will also be observed that all this preliminary labor and expense involved in placing the edge in condition to have the foldedover portion properly secured in place is avoided by my invention, so that, while the resulting product is superior in appearance, the expense and time involved in its manufacture is greatly lessened so that a superior product at less expense is produced. It will also be observed that the full thickness of the material at the edge is preserved and that the welt edge, while being of uniform appearance, is double the thickness of the brim.
While this is not dispositive evidence that the welted edge was or was not used primarily on lower quality hats, I think it stands to reason that any such generalizations about welts do not apply to pre-war hats, especially early iterations of the welted edge which seem to have grown from a need to add stability to the brim and create a novel finished edge. A costly and laborious process seems like something that would not have been used for low quality hats.