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It depends on where you were living. In the ethnic neighborhoods of Boston and Brooklyn, being a Protestant meant being a distinctly untrusted minority. Religious and sectional tensions between Catholics and non-Catholics ran extremely high in Northeastern cities in the years before the war, to the point where street violence was not uncommon. Followers of Father Coughlin, organized under the banner of "Catholic Action," would stand on street corners selling Coughlinite newspapers -- and would often assault pedestrians who declined to buy, especially if they looked Jewish, while police officers, who might very well be Coughlinites themselves, looked the other way.
Growing up in NJ, I remember the strong group identity of Catholics versus Protestants being, overall, a generational thing - my parent's and, even more so, my grandparent's generation had those feelings. But it was more of a middle and upper-middle class thing.
In my family, being of no religion and my father having grown up very poor and in an "ethnic" part of town where all the "ethnic" kids (Italians, Germans, Irish, Jewish, Polish, etc.) played together - he had friends his entire life from all background and religions and, while they made fun of each other in a way that is not politically correct today, they were true friends who were there for each other.
So I saw a little of both growing up as we lived in a neighborhood like the show "The Wonder Years," where there were some who had my father's outlook - we are all a bunch of mutts, find good people, whatever their "background - and some who were very much about their group / religion / ethnicity staying together.
But at the kid level in the '60s and '70s, there was much, much less of that "my group versus your group" attitude (although some kids absolutely felt that way) and more of a "that stuff doesn't matter" attitude. In high school, kids from different ethnicities and religions would date and their concerns would be about how either their parent's or grandparent's would feel - but they themselves didn't care. Again, that was my experience, in my neighborhood, in NJ at the time - can't speak for anywhere else.
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